PURITANISM AND THE GREAT MIGRATION
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THE GREAT MIGRATION (FIRST IN 1620 THEN A GREAT SCALE MIGRATION IN 1630)
It has roots with the dethronment of the Roamn Catholic Church and the emergence of Church of England.
Within the church of England began further division and with the division began puritanism
Before in America it already started in England
In England, it was called protestantism and it produced the church of England or the Anglican Church.
For many the reformation wasn't enough to end the corruption in church.
THE DIVISION :
From the Church of England emerged two groups of believers Pilgrims and Puritans
Pilgrims completely wanted to separate themselves from the church of England. Therefore, they also been referred to as separatist.
Puritan wanted to reform the church of England by staying inside the church. Thus they are called the non-separtist.
BRADFORD & THE PILGRIMS (1620)
In 1620, the Mayflower set sail from Plymouth, England with Willam Bradford and 101 other pilgrims.
The original destination was the Virginia Colony but instead they end up in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, Plymouth Rock.
WINTHROP AND THE GREAT PURITAN MIGRATION (1630)
In 1630, John Winthrop led a group of 700 settlers in 11 ships to the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
The lead ship was Arabella on which Winthrop sailed. It is likely the place where he preached his sermon "A Model Of Christian Charity".
EMERGENCE OF PURITANISM
It is mainly because of the teachings of two theologist namely
✓Martin Luther
✓John Calvin
PRINCIPLES OF PURITANISM :
✓Bible is the supreme authority.
✓individual has a direct relationship with God.
CORE BELIEFS OF PURITANISM
✓Absolute Sovereignty
God is in control at all times. Nothing happens outside his knowledge or power.
✓ Human Depravation
All human are tainted by original sin committed by Adam and Eve.
All humanity is inherently evil.
There's is nothing good in a human.
Because of this depravity God must initiate all interaction with humans and must give humans the ability to response.
✓Predestination
God determined before human history that who will be saved and who will be damned.
The elect will be save and the damned cannot choose the election even by following God.
✓ Convenant Theology
This is at the heart of a Calvinism
Influence all aspects of Puritan life.
Puritans were the congregationalist and they rejected the hierarchy of The Church of England and maintained the autonomy of individual congregation.
✓ Individualism and Reading
Placed great emphasis on Individual realationship with God.
Both men and women studied the Bible and interpreted it for themselves.
Literacy was important for all.
TYPES OF PURITAN FORMS OF WRITINGS
Motive was to facilitate the preacher through the literature.
Puritan authorship and utilitarian.
There was no literary sensibility but a motive of religious piety in their writings.
Literature was used as a device for the better understanding of the Divine.
Literary Style :-
✓Simple, Lucid and Controlled
✓ Satisfy the intellect not arouse the passion
✓ instructive in nature
Narrative style :-
✓Conversion Narrative
✓Journals and Diaries
✓Histories
Puritan Writers :-
- Cotton Mather
- Richard Baxter
- William Byrd
- Jonathan Edwards
- Thomas Shephard
Puritan works :-
- "Of Plymouth Plantation" by William Bradford
- "A Model of Christian Charity" byJohn Winthrop
- "To My Dear and Loving Husband" by Anne Bradstreet
- "The Wonders of the Invisible World" by Cotton Mather
These way of writing are only to document the work of God and individual response to it.
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